VEG - Страница 11

Source: synthetic. Exists in: liver, yeast, meat, legumes, whole cereals. Used in: pre­pared breakfast and baby cereals, peanut butter, enriched foods. Definition: A B vitamin which is important in the normal functioning of the nervous system. Typically Vegan

nonnutritive sweetener Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: dietetic foods, soft drinks, candy, chewing gum, toothpaste, yogurt. Examples: saccharin, acesulfame K. Definition: An artificial sweetener possessing practically no calories. Vegan

norbixin See annatto.

Nutrasweet See aspartame.

nutritive sweetener Commercial Source: vegetable, animal (insect), or synthetic. Examples: dextrose, fructose, sucrose, corn syrup, molasses, honey, aspartame. Definition: Sweeteners which yield more than two calories per gram. Typically vegan

nutritional yeast Commercial Source: fungal. Used as: flavor, cheese substitute, source of vitamin B- 12. Definition: Inactivated yeast used as a source of protein and vitamins, especially B vitamins. Vegan

Product information: Red Star Yeast & Products, a major manufacturer of nutritional yeast, reports that no cow bone filter was used in the processing of the molasses used in their growth media. Red Star Vege­tarian Support Formula, previously known as T-­6635+ yeast powder, is a source of vitamin B-12.

oxidizing agent Example: hydrogen peroxide. Definition: An additive which destroys or deactivates undesirable components or contaminants in foods.

palmitic acid Also known as: n-hexadecanoic acid. Commercial Source: animal (cow-or hog-derived) or vegetable. Used in: baked goods, butter and cheese flavorings. Definition: A component of fat which is used to make unlike ingredients, such as oil and water, blend together in foods. Typically Non-Vegetarian

Product information: Witco Corp., one of three largest manufacturers of fatty acids, reports that they do have kosher varieties which are all-vegetable, coming from soya oil, although most of their palmitic acid is animal-derived.

oil See fat.

oleic acid Also known as: cis-9-octadecenoic acid. Commercial Source: Typically animal (cow- or -hog-derived). Exists in: many plants and animals, and in synthetic form. Used in: beverages, ice cream, confections, baked goods. Definition: A component of some fats which may be used as a flavoring or binder in foods. Typically Non-Vegetarian

Product information: Witco Corp., a major manu­facturer of oleic acid, reports that the principal source of oleic acid is cow-or hog-derived. Witco produces a kosher variety which is a uniquely vegetable-based blend of oils.

oleoresin Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: dry mixes, seasonings, processed foods. Definition: A concentrated spice or herb ex­tract used as a flavor and/or color enhancer. Vegan

Olestra Also known as: Olean, sucrose polyester. Commercial Source: synthetic (vege­table). The sucrose used to make it may have been filtered through a cow bone filter if the sucrose was derived from sugar cane. Used in: potato chips, tortilla chips, crackers, cheese puffs. Definition: A no-calorie fat substitute. May Be Non-Vegetarian

pantothenic acid Also known as: Vitamin B­ 5, d-pantothenamide. Commercial Source: Typically synthetic. Exists in: liver, heart, salmon, eggs, yeast, molasses, various grains. Used in: foods for special dietary use, nutritional supplements. Definition: A B vitamin which is important in the utilization of carbohydrate and fat. Typically Vegetarian

pancreatin Also known as: pancreatic extract, Hi-Vegi-Lip. Commercial Source: animal (cow- or hog-derived). Used in: digestive aids. Definition: A mixture of enzymes used as a digestive aid. Non-Vegetarian

papain Also known as: Caroid. Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: meat tender­izers, beverages, enriched farina. Definition: An enzyme derived from papaya which breaks down proteins into amino acids. Vegan

paprika Commercial source: vegetable. Used in: spice flavorings for baked goods, condi­ments, processed meats, salad dressings, sauces, processed cheeses, cured meats, snack foods. Defin­ition: A red food coloring derived from the pods of dried pepper. Vegan

paraffin Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: chewing gum. Used on: vegetables. Definition: A petroleum derivative which is commonly used as a vegetable coating. Vegan

pepsin Commercial Source: animal (hog- or cow-derived). Used in: cheese and cheese products, digestive aids. Definition: An enzyme used to break down proteins. Non-Vegetarian

phenylalanine Commercial Source: Typically bacterial, fungal, or synthetic. Exists in: many living organisms. Used in: aspart­ame, an artificial sweetener. Definition: A compon­ent of some proteins which may be in dietary

supplements. Typically Vegan

polyacrylomite Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: some table sugar. Definition: A petroleum-derived substance used in the processing of sugar cane. Vegan

polydextrose Commercial Source: Synthetic (typically from vegetable sources). Used in: frozen desserts, cakes, candy, baked goods, chewing gum. Definition: A reduced-calorie substance used as a sugar or fat substitute. Vegan

Product information: Cultor Food Science (previous­ly Pfizer Inc.), the creator and producer of polydextrose, reports that corn is their source of ingredients.

polyethylene Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: chewing gum. Defin­ition: A synthetic compound which is frequently used as a citrus fruit coating. Vegan

polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate See polysorbate 80.

polyoxyethylene