VEG - Страница 9

beets has not been processed through a cow bone filter. (See product information under sucrose). Used in: soft drinks. Definition: A mixture of mostly simple sugars which is sweeter than ordinary table sugar. Typically Non-Vegetarian

isinglass Commercial Source: animal (fish). Used in: wine. Definition: A protein derived from the bladder of a fish and used to make some wines (especially white wine and chardonnay) clear. Non-Vegetarian

keratin Commercial Source: Typically animal (poultry). Definition: An extremely tough material made of protein which composes the hair, nails, and horny tissue of many animals. Kera­tin is the primary commercial source of the amino acid, tyrosine. (See tyrosine). Non-Vegetarian

lactalbumin See albumin.

lac-resin Also known as: shellac. Commercial Source: animal (insect). Used on: fruit, candy, pills. Definition: An insect secretion used as a produce coating in combination with a wax. This substance is collected from the trees where the beetles deposited the shellac. Vegetarian

lactase Commercial Source: Typically fungal. Exists in: all living organisms which digest milk. Used in: milk products, dietary supple­ments. Definition: An enzyme which digests the milk sugar, lactose. Typically Vegetarian

lactic acid Also known as: butyl lactate, ethyl lactate. Commercial Source: Typi­cally vegetable. In some forms, there may be a synthetic component. The fermentation medium may include milk-derived whey. Used in: cheese, cheese spreads, butter, beverages, beer, salad dressing mixes, confections, breads, olives, frozen desserts, jellies, jams. Definition: A common additive which has several functions such as flavoring agent or pre­servative. Typically Vegetarian

Product information: Archer Daniels Midland Co., a manufacturer of lactic acid, reports that they use hydrolyzed cornstarch only. Purac America, Inc. says that they use beet sugar as the fermentation medium.

lactose See carbohydrate.

lard Also known as: lard oil, pork fat, pork oil. Commercial Source: animal (hog). Used in: refried beans, chewing gum, baked goods, processed foods, maple syrup production. Definition: Always of animal origin, lard is the purified, internal fat from the stomach of the hog. Non-Vegetarian

leavening agent Also known as: leavener. Commercial Source: Typically fungal, mineral. Used in: baked goods, flour, cake mixes, beer, wine. Examples: yeast, monocalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate. Definition: A food additive which releases gas into foods, lightening the texture. In beer and wine, the leavener (yeast) is responsible for the chemical reaction which produces the alcohol. Typically Vegetarian

lecithin Commercial Source: Typically vege­table. Exists in: egg yolks, the tissues and organs of many animals, some vegetables such as soy­beans peanuts, and corn. Used in: breakfast cereals, confections, margarine, baked goods, chocolate, frozen desserts, rendered animal fat, vegetable fat-animal fat blends, soft drinks. Definition: A sub­stance commonly used in foods which are high in fats and oils in order to make dissimilar substances, such as oil and water, blend and/or stay blended. Typically vegetarian

Product information: Archer Daniels Midland Co., a major manufacturer of lecithin, extracts it from soybeans.

levulose See fructose.

lime Commercial Source: mineral. Used in: fortified foods, mineral supplements. Definition: A calcium-containing compound which is the major commercial source of calcium in food addi­tives. Vegan

lipase Commercial Source: animal (typically hog- or cow-derived), fungal. Used in: cheese, cheese products, margarine, ice cream, cream, chocolate confections. Definition: The general term for enzymes which break down fats. Typically Non-Vegetarian

locust bean gum Also known as: St. John`s bread, carob bean gum. Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: beverage flavorings, ice cream, candy, baked goods, gelatin desserts, pie fillings, barbeque sauce, whipped foods, cheese products, icings, toppings. Definition: A vegetable gum derived from the seeds of the carob tree. Vegan

magnesium stearate Commercial Source: animal-(cow- or hog-derived) mineral, or vegetable-mineral. Used in: candy, sugarless gum, pharmaceutical tablets. Defin­ition: An additive which may be used as a preserv­ative, or as a substance which blends together ingre­dients which do not normally blend (such as oil and water). May Be Non-Vegetarian

maleic acid Source: synthetic. Used in: foods containing fats and oils, antihista­mines. Definition: A preservative which is similar in form to malic acid (See malic acid). Vegan

malic acid Also known as: apple acid. Com­mercial Source: Usually synthetic. Exists in: many fruits. Used in: frozen dairy pro­ducts, beverages, soft drinks, puddings, baked goods, confections, artificially sweetened fruit, jelly and jam preserves, butter, wine. Definition: An additive used as a flavor or acidifier in foods and drinks. Vegan

malt Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: breakfast cereals, baked goods, pharmaceuticals, confections, ale, beer. Definition: A substance derived from barley and used widely in the breving industry. Vegan

malt extract Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: breakfast cereals, baked goods, pharmaceuticals, confections, ale, beer, meat tenderizers. Definition: A substance obtained from malt and used as a flavor and sweetener. Vegan

maltodextrin Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: candies (particularly chocolate), beverages,