VEG - Страница 13

color of foods which contain minerals Typically Vegan

rennet Commercial Source: animal (typically calf-derived). There are “rennets" which are derived from plants, bacteria, or molds. Used in: cheese, junket (a custard containing this enzyme). Definition: A mixture containing an enzyme (rennin) derived principally from the stomachs of young calves and used to make cheese. Non Vegetarian

rosin Also known as: colophony. Commercial Source: vegetable. Used in: chewing gum. Definition: A tree substance which is used to soften chewing gum. Vegan

royal jelly Commercial Source: animal (insect). Used in: nutrient supplements. Def­inition: A substance produced by the glands of bees and used as a source of B vitamins, minerals, and amino acids Vegetarian

rennin Commercial source: animal (typically calf-derived). There are “rennins” which are derived from plants, bacteria, or molds. Used in: rennet. Definition: An enzyme derived principally from the stomachs of young calves and used to make Used in: diet foods and beverages, processed foods, rennet and cheese. Non-Vegetarian

resin Commercial Source: vegetable or synthetic. Example: petroleum hydrocarbon resin. Used in: chewing gum base. Definition: A class of substances which is commonly used as a protective, wax-like coating for fruits and vegetables, and as a chewing gum base. Vegan

riboflavin Also known as: vitamin B-2, lacto­flavin, riboflavin-S-phosphate. Commercial Source: Typically bacterial or fungal. Exists in: organ meats, fish, milk, eggs, dry yeast, leafy green vegetables. Used in: dry baby and breakfast cereals, peanut butter, enriched foods (e.g., macaroni, flour, breads and rolls). Definition: A B vitamin which may be used as a food coloring or as a nutrient fortifier of foods. Typically Vegan

Product information: Schiff Products Inc., a manufacturer of riboflavin, reports that it may be produced through a yeast fermentation or through a synthetic route. Rhone-Poulene Inc., another manu­facturer, reports that dextrose is their fermentation medium in the production of riboflavin.

saccharin Also known as: sodium benzosulfi­mide. Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: diet foods and beverages, processed foods, toothpaste, mouthwash. Definition: An artificial sweetener which yields less than two calories per gram. Vegan

rice syrup Commercial source: vegetable. Used in: baked goods, cereal. Definition: A sweetener derived from brown rice. Vegan

Product information: California Natural Products, a major manufacturer of rice syrup, reports that no bone filter or gelatin is used in their rice syrup processing.

saccharose See sucrose.

sequestering agent Also known as: chelating agent. Commercial Source: Typically vegetable, mineral. Used in: soft drinks, mayonnaise, potatoes. Examples: citric acid, EDTA, phosphoric acid. Definition: The name for a general class of preservative which improves food quality and prevents food from changing in an unde­sirable way over time (e.g., changing color or devel­oping a bad flavor). Typically Vegan

shellac See lac-resin.

Simplesse Commercial Source: animal (milk and egg). Used in: margarine, ice cream, salad dressings, yogurt. Definition: A fat sub­stitute. Non-Vegetarian

Product information: Monsanto Co., the creator and producer of Simplesse, uses whey protein concentrate and egg protein to make it.

soda ash See sodium carbonate.

sodium benzoate Commercial Source: min­eral-synthetic. Used in: margarine, bottled soft drinks, maraschino cherries, mincemeat, fruit juices, pickles, confections, fruit jelly preserves, jams. Also used in the ice for cooling fish. Definition: A very common preservative used mostly in acidic foods. Vegan

sodium bicarbonate Also known as: baking soda, bicarbonate of soda, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydrogen car­bonate. Commercial source: mineral. Used in: baking powder, pancake, biscuit, and muffin mixes, crackers, cookies, soups, sherberts, frozen desserts, dry-mix beverages, soft drinks, syrups, confections, self-rising flours, cornmeals, canned vegetables, mouthwash, butter, cream, milk, ice cream. Def­inition: An additive used primarily to make baked goods rise or to adjust the acidity level in foods. Vegan

sodium stearoyl lactylate Commercial Source: animal--mineral (cow- or hog-derived, or milk), vegetable-mineral. Used in: bakery mixes, baked products, dehydrated fruits and vegetables and juices made from them, frozen desserts, liquid shortenings, pancake mixes, precooked instant rice, pudding mixes, coffee whiteners, margarine. Definition: A common food additive which is often used to condition dough or to blend together ingredients which do not normally blend, such as oil and water. May Be Non-Vegetarian

Product information: Archer Daniels Midland Co., a manufacturer of sodium stearoyl lactylate reports that their product is of vegetable origin; the lactic acid is produced from microbial fermentation and the stearic acid, from soy oil. Sodium is a mineral which is added.

sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate See sodium stearoyl lactylate.

sorbic acid Also known as: acetic acid, hexa­dienic acid, hexadienoic acid, sorbistat. Commercial Source: synthetic. Used in: cheeses, beverages, baked goods, syrups, fresh fruit cocktail, dried fruit, chocolate syrup, soft drinks, macaroni salads, cheesecake, pie fillings, cakes, arti­ficially sweetened jellies and preserves, wine, canned frosting, pickles, sauerkraut, certain meat and fish products, mouthwashes. Definition: A mold and yeast inhibitor which is used